There are plenty of examples with "conception of the world", including the title of a book.

Even though, these two terms are nearly synonymous, there's an English equivalent for each:

visão de mundo: worldview; view of the world
concepção de mundo: conception of the world

Example Sentences

A milestone of child psychology, "The Child's Conception of the World" explores the ways in which the reasoning powers of young children differ from those of adults. https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/books/1124139415;jsessionid...

A more radical idealist conception of the world can be found in Berkeley's subjective idealism, which holds that the world as a whole, including all everyday objects like tables, cats, trees and ourselves, "consists of nothing but minds and ideas".
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World

Other examples: https://www.google.com/search?q="conception of the world"

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Note added at 3 hrs (2021-12-08 00:17:11 GMT)
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if you want an upper register phikosophical word from German but used in English.

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Note added at 3 hrs (2021-12-08 00:18:58 GMT)
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Etymology
The term worldview is a calque of the German word Weltanschauung [ˈvɛltʔanˌʃaʊ.ʊŋ] (About this soundlisten), composed of Welt ('world') and Anschauung ('perception' or 'view').[6] The German word is also used in English. It is a concept fundamental to German philosophy, especially epistemology and refers to a wide world perception. Additionally, it refers to the framework of ideas and beliefs forming a global description through which an individual, group or culture watches and interprets the world and interacts with it.